Frontend programmer
Such a developer, by definition, is at the forefront and is responsible for the visual component of the site: the way the visitor sees it. Frontend developers make sure that all graphic elements work properly, content is displayed on all devices, fonts do not “crawl”, and images do not load for too long.
1. Learning HTML
First of all, a novice frontend developer must master HTML - Hypertext Markup Language. This is a basic tool that allows you to put all the main elements on the page, be it photos, tables or text.
2. CSS training
Externally, a web page written in HTML will resemble a simple text document. To bring it to life, a cascading style sheet or CSS is used. It does not change the structure of the page, but its appearance: fonts, arrangement of elements, shadows and colors. In other words, if HTML is used to describe the logical structure of a page, CSS is responsible for the graphic elements and is written in a separate file.
3. Learning JavaScript
Finally, in order for website elements to move and respond to user actions, the developer writes JavaScript code. It is noticeably more complicated than the first two, but the result is worth it: the appearance of pop-up windows or the dragging of elements on the page (for example, sorting photos on a social network) depends on the scripts. Unlike CSS, JavaScript code is embedded in the HTML structure because it does not affect the appearance of elements, but their behavior on the page.
Yesterday's technology is already tomorrow: can programming languages become obsolete
Backend programmer
A beautiful shell of the site does not make sense without filling: videos, hyperlinks and pictures must be connected to the server, database, and other Internet sites. Backend developers take care of the hardware and software work of the service. They are also responsible for information security (protection from hackers) and monitor the load on the server (so that the page does not “hang” due to the influx of visitors).
1. Learning PHP
The basic backend developer tool is the PHP programming language. It is needed to link the page visible to the user with the server where any data is stored. For example, in order not to upload one photo at a time to a website using HTML, you can run a script that automatically loads a conditional gallery located on the server there. The PHP language simplifies the work of creating a website so much that SkillBox recommends that frontend developers also learn it.
2. Learn SQL
The abbreviation SQL stands for "Structured Query Language". Unlike PHP, which is needed to connect the site to the server, SQL languages allow you to manage the databases themselves. Now there are many such languages, the most common of which are MySQL, MSSQL, PostgreSQL and others.
Full cycle developers are fluent in the languages required for both frontend and backend programming. They are universal specialists, although, obviously, the depth of their immersion in a particular area of web development is inferior to the awareness of narrow specialists.
